The MANIAC (Mathematical Analyzer, Numerical Integrator, and Computer or Mathematical Analyzer, Numerator, Integrator, and Computer) was an early computer built under the direction of Nicholas Metropolis at the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory. It was based on the von Neumann architecture of the IAS, developed by John von Neumann. As with all computers of its era, it was a one-of-a-kind machine that could not exchange programs with other computers (even other IAS machines). Metropolis chose the name MANIAC in the hope of stopping the rash of silly acronyms for machine names, although von Neumann may have suggested the name to him. The MANIAC weighed about 1,000 pounds (0.50 short tons; 0.45 t).The first task assigned to the Los Alamos Maniac was to perform more exact and extensive calculations of the thermonuclear process.The MANIAC ran successfully in March 1952 and was shut down on July 15, 1958. However, it was apparently transferred to the University of New Mexico until it was retired in 1965. It was succeeded by MANIAC II in 1957. A third version...